Analyzing Iran’s Execution Trend
A newly released report is drawing attention to a sharp rise in executions carried out by Iran’s government, with figures reaching levels not seen in decades.
According to a joint analysis by Iran Human Rights and Together Against the Death Penalty, at least 1,639 people were executed in 2025—an average of roughly four per day.
The total represents the highest annual figure since 1989, when mass executions followed the end of the Iran-Iraq War. That period has long been cited as one of the most severe episodes of state-imposed punishment in the country’s modern history.
The report breaks down the charges behind many of the executions. A significant portion involved drug-related offenses and murder convictions, both of which saw notable increases compared to the previous year. Executions tied to drug charges rose by 58 percent, while those linked to murder increased by 79 percent.
Beyond those categories, at least 57 individuals were executed on charges described in broad or ideological terms, including “waging war against God” and “corruption on Earth.” These charges have historically been used in cases involving political dissent or opposition activity.
The data also shows that 48 women were executed, the highest number recorded in two decades. Additionally, the report states that ethnic and religious minorities were disproportionately represented among those put to death.
Concerns raised in the report extend beyond the numbers themselves. Many of the cases were handled by Iran’s Revolutionary Courts, where proceedings were described as lacking due process and relying on what the report characterizes as unfair trials.
The figures do not fully capture developments in early 2026. Separate monitoring groups report that executions have continued, with estimates ranging from at least 14 confirmed by state media to as many as 160 documented by independent observers since January.
Some of those executions have been linked to protest activity and alleged affiliations with opposition groups. Others involve accusations such as espionage. At the same time, Iran’s judiciary has reportedly moved to accelerate cases tied to individuals labeled as connected to “enemy” activity.